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White Paper

AI Learning & Development Automation

White Paper

AI Learning & Development Automation

A human-in-the-loop, AI-enhanced workflow and open source technology stack that streamlined instructional design and scaled content development efficiency.
A human-in-the-loop, AI-enhanced workflow and open source technology stack that can streamline instructional design and scaled content development efficiency.

by Garrett Fry

Learning & Development Strategist
Strategy & Instructional Designer
Workflow Architect & Solutions Engineer
AI Prompt Engineer
Knowledge Management Specialist

Get a Preview of this Workflow in Action

To transform traditional instructional design into a scalable and adaptive process, I designed and deployed an automated L&D workflow powered by a secure, open source technology stack. Built around the ADDIE framework, the system connects structured inputs with AI-assisted content generation, while keeping L&D professionals firmly in control through human-in-the-loop review and approval. Using tools such as n8n, Notion, NocoDB, Milvus, Plane, and BookStack, the workflow automates repetitive tasks, standardizes terminology, and enables transparent tracking of project milestones. By leveraging open source platforms, the solution reduced licensing costs and vendor dependencies, while empowering L&D teams to focus on strategy, creativity, and learner impact. This approach ensures long-term scalability, adaptability, and cost efficiency in content development operations.
To transform traditional instructional design into a scalable and adaptive process, I designed and deployed an automated L&D workflow powered by a secure, open source technology stack. Built around the ADDIE framework, the system connects structured inputs with AI-assisted content generation, while keeping L&D professionals firmly in control through human-in-the-loop review and approval. Using tools such as n8n, Notion, NocoDB, Milvus, Plane, and BookStack, the workflow automates repetitive tasks, standardizes terminology, and enables transparent tracking of project milestones. By leveraging open source platforms, the solution reduced licensing costs and vendor dependencies, while empowering L&D teams to focus on strategy, creativity, and learner impact. This approach ensures long-term scalability, adaptability, and cost efficiency in content development operations.

Institutional Challange

Scaling instructional design with AI-driven efficiency and human oversight
Delivering secure, scalable, and high-impact learning at global scale.

Quality & Consistency Across ADDIE Phases

Each stage of instructional design required clear handoffs and alignment. AI-driven document generation ensured consistency, while human review safeguarded contextual accuracy.

Balancing AI Automation with Human Oversight

Automation accelerated content creation and data integration, but people remained in the loop to validate outputs, align with stakeholders, and maintain instructional quality.

Cost-Effective, Open Source Ecosystem

By leveraging open source tools, the workflow scaled efficiently without vendor lock-in or heavy licensing costs — allowing sustainable AI integration at minimal expense.

Institutional Scalability and Adaptability

L&D teams face growing demands to produce more training with fewer resources, requiring an AI-enabled framework that scales efficiently and adapts to evolving organizational needs.

Institutional Solution

AI-Enabled Solution for Modern Learning and Development
AI-Enabled Solution for Modern Learning and Development
To meet today’s growing demand for faster, more consistent, and scalable learning programs, this AI-driven workflow provides L&D teams with an integrated solution that streamlines instructional design, enhances quality through automation, and embeds human expertise at every stage.

End-to-End AI ADDIE Automation

The workflow automates every stage of the ADDIE training development—transforming analysis through delivery into structured, ready-to-review outputs—eliminating manual setup and accelerating production.

Centralized Knowledge Framework

Seamless integration between apps ensures smooth data flow from instructional design through project execution. Each system plays a specific role while maintaining a single source of truth.

Human-in-the-Loop Quality Control

At key checkpoints, L&D professionals review and refine AI-generated outputs to ensure contextual accuracy, instructional integrity, and alignment with organizational goals.

Seamless Transition to Project Execution

Approved lesson plans and task structures flow directly into project management, maintaining hierarchy and enabling teams to monitor timelines, resources, and progress in real time.

Trained Chat Agents for L&D Support

AI chat assistants are trained to guide and support L&D personnel on custom and proprietary workflows, providing on-demand instruction and reducing workflow adoption.

Standardization of Unstructured Information

AI transforms unstructured content—such as meeting notes, research, or rough outlines—into polished, templated presentations ready for stakeholder review and approval.

Learning Technology

Powerful Global Cloud-Based Learning Technology Solution
Human-in-the-Loop AI Learning Technology Stack

This primarily open-source, AI-enhanced technology ecosystem streamlines instructional design by automating repetitive tasks while maintaining expert oversight at every step. Self-hosted on AWS, the stack is cost-effective, customizable, and under full organizational control—integrating workflow automation, structured data, contextual knowledge, and project tracking into a seamless system.

By combining human review with AI-driven efficiency, it establishes a scalable and adaptable workflow that evolves with organizational needs—ensuring long-term sustainability and continuous improvement in learning operations.

Server Setup

Amazon Web Server
Amazon SMS
Ubuntu Server
Apache Web Server
MariaDB
Docker/Portainer

Technology Stack

n8n
Notion
NocoDB
Milvus
Plane
BookStack

AI-Enhanced L&D Technology Stack

Applications Driving the L&D Automation Workflow
Applications Driving the L&D Automation Workflow
This integrated ecosystem leverages primarily open-source applications alongside AI and automation to streamline instructional design, scale content development, and maintain human oversight at every stage of the workflow.

n8n

Workflow Orchestration & Automation Engine
Coordinates all applications in the stack, automates AI content generation, standardizes data, and enables human-in-the-loop control for document progression.

Notion

Central Content Hub & Review Platform
Stores, presents, and tracks L&D documents (Analysis, Design, Lesson Plan) while providing a space for human review, edits, and formal approvals.

NocoDB

Structured Data Input & Trigger Layer
Captures L&D requirements via forms, feeds AI prompts, and uses webhooks to trigger automated workflow actions like versioning or document updates.

Milvus

Contextual Data & Standardization Engine
Stores organizational definitions, learning modalities, evaluation methods, and task codes to provide AI with consistent, standardized context for decision-making.

Plane

Project & Task Management Platform
Receives AI-generated development tasks, allows assignment of responsibilities, manages time-bound cycles (sprints), and tracks content development progress.

BookStack

Documentation & AI Prompt Repository
Hosts workflow documentation and AI prompts; n8n retrieves live updates to ensure AI outputs reflect the latest instructions without modifying core automation.

Structured L&D Workflow

ADDIE-driven workflow enhancing team efficiency with AI tools
This workflow follows the ADDIE instructional design framework, providing a clear, structured process from project setup through scheduling. Each step is designed to ensure alignment, consistency, and quality, while combining AI-driven automation with human-in-the-loop oversight to scale learning efficiently.

Project Setup

The Project Setup phase establishes the foundation of the workflow by defining scope, stakeholders, resources, and governance. This ensures every participant begins with clarity and alignment before moving into analysis and design.
Phase Summery

The Project Setup phase establishes the foundation for each learning initiative by defining its scope, stakeholders, resources, and governance, ensuring alignment across all participants before progressing through subsequent ADDIE stages. The process begins with a stakeholder meeting to gather structured and unstructured project information, which is then entered into a structured Project Setup Form. This form captures essential details such as business needs, timelines, resources, risks, and communication channels, and guides the Learning and Development (L&D) lead through standardized data fields and organizational terminology.

Once submitted, n8n, the automation and orchestration engine, uses the form data to generate a Project Information Document and create a corresponding project workspace in Notion. The AI automatically formats the document into a clear, professional layout that includes the project overview, scope, milestones, risks, and stakeholder details. Throughout this process, terminology and definitions are synchronized from NocoDB and BookStack, ensuring that both the AI and human team members reference consistent organizational language. The AI also provides contextual feedback within the generated document—suggesting improvements such as additional stakeholder involvement or enhanced communication strategies—before the human-in-the-loop review stage.

L&D professionals then verify the accuracy and completeness of the generated project materials in Notion, making edits as needed before stakeholder approval. Once validated, an automated email draft is created for stakeholder distribution, maintaining a consistent communication format across projects. All project data and form submissions are version-controlled in NocoDB, enabling transparent traceability and quick replication for future or revised projects. This phase ensures every learning project begins with structured clarity, standardized documentation, and human oversight supported by AI-driven efficiency.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Stakeholder Meeting Notes

Collect all structured and unstructured project information discussed with stakeholders.

Process

Project Setup Form

Captures project scope, business need, stakeholders, timelines, resources, and risks.

Project & Doc Generated

n8n generates a Notion project and a standardized consolidated information document from data.

Review & Approval

Project reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Output

Project Information Document

Formalized record of scope, deliverables, governance, milestones, and risks.

Project Workspace

Centralized hub where documents and updates are stored in Notion.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.


Analysis Phase

The Analysis phase identifies the core business challenge, performance gaps, and learner needs. This diagnostic step ensures the solution directly addresses organizational priorities and learner realities.
Phase Summery

The Analysis phase focuses on identifying the core business challenges, performance gaps, and learner needs that the instructional solution must address. Building on the stakeholder-approved Project Information Document created during the Project Setup phase, this stage deepens the understanding of organizational priorities and learner realities to ensure every intervention aligns strategically with business objectives.

Using the Analysis Form in NocoDB, Learning and Development (L&D) professionals capture essential diagnostic data—such as problem definitions, urgency, contributing factors, strategic alignment, and audience characteristics. The form also includes predefined drop-down fields linked to a central terminology database in NocoDB, ensuring that both humans and AI reference consistent language across projects. For additional AI context, users may supplement the input with a Content and Definitions Document in Notion, enabling the system to interpret proprietary terms or internal systems without cluttering official documentation.

Once submitted, n8n orchestrates the automation process, pulling data from the Analysis Form, Project Information Document, and optional contextual sources to generate a comprehensive Analysis Document in Notion. This AI-generated report structures the content into clear sections—business challenges, organizational alignment, performance gaps, and audience analysis—while also providing contextual feedback and recommendations for improvement. L&D professionals review, refine, and validate the document in Notion before advancing it for stakeholder approval via an auto-generated email draft.

Throughout this process, version control remains fully transparent. Each submission and update is stored in NocoDB, allowing teams to revise inputs, regenerate documents, or version up to new iterations without losing prior records. This ensures that all changes remain traceable and reproducible. The Analysis phase, therefore, balances AI-assisted efficiency with human oversight and strategic insight—transforming diagnostic research into a structured, data-driven foundation for the subsequent Design Phase.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Project Information Document

Formalized record of scope, deliverables, governance, milestones, and risks.

Process

Analysis Form

Collects problem definition, urgency, performance gaps, audience profile, and strategic alignment.

Analysis Doc Generation

n8n orchestrates AI generation of Analysis Document in Notion based on input sources.

Review & Approval

Document reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Output

Analysis Document

Summarizes business challenge, urgency, gaps, learner profile, and alignment.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.


Design Phase

The Design phase translates identified needs into a structured learning strategy, outlining modalities, delivery methods, and evaluation plans. This blueprint ensures the training is both pedagogically sound and operationally feasible.
Phase Summery

The Design phase translates the analytical insights from earlier steps into a structured and actionable learning strategy. Drawing on the Project Information Document and Analysis Document as key inputs, this phase defines the instructional blueprint—outlining learning modalities, delivery methods, and evaluation approaches that ensure pedagogical rigor and operational feasibility.

To begin, Learning and Development (L&D) professionals complete the Design Form in NocoDB, which gathers essential information on instructional methods, training type, content standards, delivery modes, rollout strategy, learner adoption activities, and evaluation plans. The form automatically pre-fills data from previous workflow stages—such as project scope and audience profile—while maintaining flexibility to update or adjust parameters as project requirements evolve. Standardized terminology and definitions are dynamically sourced from the centralized NocoDB database and synchronized with the BookStack documentation to ensure that both the AI and human reviewers interpret terms consistently.

Upon submission, n8n orchestrates the automation, combining data from the Design Form and preceding documents to generate a detailed Design Document in Notion. This AI-generated output provides a comprehensive learning design blueprint, including instructional strategies, modality breakdowns, session duration, rollout and support structures, and an evaluation plan based on the Kirkpatrick model. The system automatically inserts clear definitions for each selected term, helping stakeholders understand L&D-specific language without requiring additional explanation.

Once the document is generated, human-in-the-loop review ensures that all instructional design elements are contextually appropriate and aligned with organizational needs. Users can revise or regenerate the document directly through NocoDB—either updating the current version or creating a new iteration—while maintaining full version history and traceability. After validation, an automated email draft is created in Notion for seamless stakeholder distribution and approval.

Through this phase, the workflow operationalizes instructional design principles by merging structured AI automation with expert oversight, producing a cohesive and transparent design framework that bridges strategy and execution. The approved Design Document serves as the foundation for the subsequent Outline Topics Phase, where learning objectives and content structure are defined in detail.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Project Information Document

Formalized record of scope, deliverables, governance, milestones, and risks.

Analysis Document

Summarizes business challenge, urgency, gaps, learner profile, and alignment.

Process

Design Form

Collects the instructional methods, modalities, structure, rollout, and evaluation plan.

Design Doc Generated

n8n generates Design Document in a standard format in Notion based on input sources.

Review & Approval

Document reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Output

Design Document

Blueprint detailing instructional methods, modalities, structure, rollout, and evaluation plan.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.


Outline Topics Phase

The Outline phase organizes learning objectives into a clear, hierarchical content map. This structured guide provides the roadmap for content creation and keeps development tightly aligned with goals.
Phase Summery

The Outline Topics phase transforms the learning strategy developed during the Design phase into a structured, hierarchical content map. This step serves as the architectural foundation for the learning materials to be created in subsequent phases, ensuring that each instructional element aligns with the project’s aims, objectives, and organizational outcomes.

Using the Analysis Document and Design Document as primary inputs, Learning and Development (L&D) professionals complete the Outline Form in NocoDB. This form captures key data elements including the overall training aim, up to three measurable training objectives, and detailed information on modules, topics, examples, and assessment considerations. The form’s structure enforces alignment between strategic intent and content organization, while maintaining flexibility to accommodate project-specific needs.

To support the creation of effective training aims and objectives, the workflow integrates an AI Chat Assistant accessible directly within Notion. The assistant is trained on the proprietary Weighted Objective Accountability Framework, which combines Mager’s ABCD model with a weighted scoring methodology that links objectives to measurable accountability activities. By referencing the Project, Analysis, and Design document IDs, the assistant can contextualize its recommendations and guide users through drafting and refining precise training aims and objectives. This ensures that the instructional intent is both measurable and strategically grounded.

Once aims and objectives are finalized, users submit the Outline Form, triggering n8n to orchestrate the automation workflow. The AI model synthesizes data from the input documents and form responses to generate a comprehensive Topics Outline Document in Notion. This document presents the full learning content map—organizing objectives, modules, and topics in a hierarchical structure that aligns with instructional best practices.

Within Notion, users can review and refine the generated outline, apply updates, or version up to new iterations directly through NocoDB. Each submission is logged and traceable, preserving transparency throughout the workflow. Once validated, an automated email draft is generated to facilitate stakeholder review and approval.

By the conclusion of this phase, teams possess an approved Topics Outline Document—a cohesive framework that clearly defines what learners will engage with and how those elements map to the overarching training goals. This deliverable bridges strategy and implementation, laying the groundwork for the subsequent Lesson Plan Phase, where each topic evolves into detailed learning experiences, activities, and assessments.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Analysis Document

Summarizes business challenge, urgency, gaps, learner profile, and alignment.

Design Document

Blueprint detailing instructional methods, modalities, structure, rollout, and evaluation plan.

Process

Outline Form

Captures goals, objectives, modules, topics, examples, and assessment notes.

Topics Outline Generated

n8n generates Topics Outline is generated in a standard format in Notion based on input sources.

Review & Approval

Document reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Output

Topics Outline

Hierarchical map of goals, objectives, modules, topics, examples, and assessment notes.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.


Lesson Planning Phase

The Lesson Plan phase turns the outline into an actionable delivery schedule, defining modules, activities, and tasks. It ensures learning experiences are engaging, efficient, and measurable.
Phase Summery

The Lesson Plan phase represents the point at which strategic planning, analysis, and design converge into an actionable instructional roadmap. This phase transforms the conceptual learning framework into a detailed, sequenced plan that defines modules, lesson activities, delivery methods, and timing—ensuring that the learning experience is engaging, efficient, and measurable.

The Topics Outline and Design Documents provide the foundation for this phase, outlining the content structure, instructional strategies, and delivery modalities that shape each lesson. Learning and Development (L&D) professionals begin by completing a Lesson Plan Form in NocoDB, which captures essential inputs and offers optional fields for additional AI guidance. These fields enable designers to define project-specific nuances and refine outputs through human-in-the-loop iteration, ensuring accuracy, alignment, and instructional quality.

Once the form is submitted, n8n orchestrates the automation workflow, prompting the AI to synthesize the topics from the outline with the instructional methods and modalities from the design phase. Drawing on the organization’s centralized training terminology database, the AI constructs a structured Lesson Plan in Notion. The process occurs in multiple sub-steps, each introducing an opportunity for human oversight and refinement.

In the first sub-step, the AI generates modules and sub-modules, each with descriptive objectives and logical hierarchy. L&D professionals review this structure to validate accuracy, relevance, and instructional flow. This review stage is critical: the quality of module organization directly influences the effectiveness of subsequent content generation. After approval, the workflow advances to the next sub-step, where the AI builds learning activities and accountability activities for each module and sub-module.

Each activity is automatically assigned a learning modality, descriptive objective, and estimated completion time. Learning activities focus on content exploration and skill development, while accountability activities connect directly to the training objectives established earlier in the workflow, serving as measurable performance checkpoints. Activity timing, sequencing, and modality selection are informed by parameters drawn from the design document—such as delivery method, content standards, and session duration—ensuring consistency across instructional design layers.

All outputs are generated and editable within Notion, where users can reorganize modules, adjust activity durations, refine descriptions, or delete and add new activities as necessary.

By the end of this phase, the project team possesses a fully developed Lesson Plan Document—a granular blueprint detailing every module, sub-module, and activity, along with delivery sequencing, timing, and evaluation points. This deliverable serves as the operational backbone for content production and project scheduling, directly linking instructional intent to execution. With the lesson plan approved, the workflow advances to the final phase: Project Scheduling, where training tasks are formalized and transferred into the organization’s project management application called Plane for development and delivery.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Topics Outline

Hierarchical map of goals, objectives, modules, topics, examples, and assessment notes.

Design Document

Blueprint detailing instructional methods, modalities, structure, rollout, and evaluation plan.

Process

Lesson Plan Form

Captures additional instruction for the AI prompt and triggers workflow.

Lesson Plan Generated

n8n generates a structured Learning Plan with modules, submodules and activities.

Review & Approval

Lesson Plan is reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Output

Lesson Plan

Detailed roadmap of modules, submodules, activities, timing, and sequencing.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.


Scheduling Phase

The Scheduling phase converts instructional design into a structured development plan with tasks, assignments, and timelines. This ensures smooth execution, accountability, and transparent tracking of progress.
Phase Summery

The Scheduling Phase operationalizes the instructional design process by transforming the Lesson Plan Document into a structured, executable project schedule. This phase bridges the gap between instructional intent and tangible production, converting learning activities into actionable development tasks, complete with assignments, time estimates, and project tracking.

The workflow is initiated from the Lesson Plan Record created in NocoDB which triggers the n8n AI-assisted automation that sources a database of organizationally defined content-creation task codes. This database, maintained in NocoDB, forms the foundation for task generation. Each code includes a task name, definition, modality classification (when applicable), and a default bid time—the estimated number of hours.

During automation, the AI assigns one or more relevant task codes to each activity defined in the Lesson Plan. These codes are then expanded into fully formed task descriptions, which include the task name, purpose, and estimated development time. The resulting Task List is automatically output to Notion, nested within the project’s existing module and activity structure.

Within Notion, instructional designers and project leads can evaluate each generated task for accuracy, appropriateness, and workload balance. Adjustments may include adding supplementary subtasks (e.g., creating slide decks, handouts, or video scripts), modifying bid times, or refining task descriptions. Once reviewed, tasks undergo an internal approval process, ensuring that the final development plan aligns with organizational standards and production capacity.

After approval, users return to the corresponding Lesson Plan Record in NocoDB and activate the “Send Tasks to Plane” trigger. This action initiates an automated data transfer to Plane, the organization’s project management platform. The AI automation mirrors the entire instructional structure—modules, sub-modules, activities, and tasks—within Plane, preserving hierarchy, naming conventions, and descriptors. Visual elements such as emojis and background images are also carried over to maintain project continuity.

Inside Plane, teams gain access to a fully configured project workspace. Each module and activity is represented as a structured work item, complete with task descriptions, time estimates, and traceable identifiers. Project managers can assign ownership, set start and end dates, define urgency levels, and monitor status updates in real time. Plane’s multiple visualization modes—List, Board, Calendar, Table, and Timeline Views—enable flexible scheduling and progress tracking, while Cycle Management allows for sprint-based execution and iterative delivery.

Each cycle within Plane features its own analytics dashboard, providing immediate insight into progress metrics, burn-down rates, workload distribution, and completion percentages. Custom views and filters further empower teams to monitor specific subsets of work—such as activities by modality, assignee, or priority—enhancing both visibility and accountability across the L&D production process.

By the conclusion of this phase, the organization possesses a fully structured Plane Project that mirrors the instructional framework defined in Notion. All learning activities are now decomposed into actionable tasks, scheduled, and assignable within a centralized system. The AI-driven automation has transformed high-level instructional design artifacts into a dynamic, trackable production environment—completing the human-in-the-loop AI workflow for scalable, transparent, and efficient learning content development.

Watch This Phase in Action

Input

Lesson Plan

Detailed roadmap of modules, submodules, activities, timing, and sequencing.

Process

Task Creation

Triggered in NocoDB, n8n generates development tasks in Notion. Milvus is used to pull task code names and definitions.

Review & Approval

Document reviewed and approved in Notion before sending for stakeholder approval.

Send Tasks to Plane

Triggered in NocoDB, n8n sends lesson plan structure (modules, submodules, activities, tasks) to Plane.

Output

Plane Project

Complete Plane project with tasks ready to be assigned and scheduled in cycles.

Watch This Phase in Action

See this phase in this step by step video demonstration.